True/False
Indicate whether the sentence or statement is true or
false.
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1.
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All
societies have political organizations.
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2.
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Effective maintenance of social order is possible only when a political system has
centralized authority.
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3.
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It is
clear that war is a universal phenomenon.
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4.
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In
contemporary warfare more children are killed than soldiers
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5.
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War has
become common only in the last 10,000 years.
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6.
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There
are several consequences of farming which make war more likely.
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7.
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The
development of states led to a decline in warfare.
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8.
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States
and chiefdoms are considered to be uncentralized systems.
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9.
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The
tribal political system involves separate bands or villages, it has an economy based on some form of
farming or herding, and its leadership is informal.
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10.
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All
First Nations societies had similar attitudes and practices with regard to warfare.
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Multiple Choice
Identify the letter of the choice that best
completes the statement or answers the question.
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11.
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_______________ refers to the system of social relationships that provides for the
maintenance of public order. a. | Government | b. | Political organization | c. | State | d. | Law | e. | Adjudication | | |
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12.
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The
______________is the least complex form of social organization. a. | tribe | b. | chiefdom | c. | confederacy | d. | band
e. segmentary
lineage | | |
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13.
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On the
planet Tardreck, your gormweed-hunter friend, Gormy, gets into a dispute with another member of his
secret society about whether to conduct a raid on the city of Sprocket. Their argument is getting so
fierce that it is endangering the survival of the society. Because you are respected as an impartial
observer, both parties agree to abide by your decision. You are being asked to engage
in_______________. a. | deception | b. | the development of a court system | c. | negotiation | d. | mediation | e. | adjudication | | |
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14.
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The
authority of Melanesian Big Men rests upon ____________________. a. | election by a majority of community
members | b. | conquest in
war | c. | wealth | d. | generosity | e. | both c and d | | |
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15.
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Among
the Kapauku of west New Guinea the tonowi (village head) is a political figure
who_______. a. | may be either male
or female | b. | holds office for
life | c. | holds a leadership
position which is very precarious | d. | is expected to hoard large amounts of
wealth
e. is forbidden to raise or own pigs | | |
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16.
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The
political organization of the Nuer of the Southern Sudan is based on
_______________. a. | oligarchy | b. | bands | c. | a proto-state | d. | divine kinship | e. | segmentary lineages | | |
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17.
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The
__________ possess a political structure which is characterized by formal age grades, each of which
has a particular duty to perform. a. | Yanomami | b. | Tiriki | c. | Ju/'hoansi | d. | Inuit | e. | Cheyenne | | |
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18.
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Scholars have identified four basic kinds of political systems and categorized them
into uncentralized and centralized. Which of the following would be considered
centralized? a. | chiefdoms | b. | tribes | c. | states | d. | bands | e. | both a and c | | |
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19.
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Which
of the following political systems would be considered uncentralized? a. | states | b. | bands | c. | chiefdoms | d. | tribes | e. | both b and d | | |
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20.
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The
Kpelle of Liberia in West Africa are a classic example of a____________. a. | chiefdom | b. | tribe | c. | state | d. | band | e. | matrilineal descent system | | |
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21.
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The
office of “chief” is usually _______________. a. | elective | b. | bilaterally inherited | c. | inherited either matrilineally or
patrilineally | d. | The office of
“chief” is usually _______________. | e. | determined by informal consensus
f.
seized by force | | |
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22.
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Chiefs
typically __________________. a. | are seen as “first among equals” with little
political power | b. | are usually purely secular, as opposed to religious
authorities | c. | are genuine
authority figures in societies which possess recognized hierarchies | d. | are purely political figures, with no economic
functions | e. | come from families
which do not have any special rank | | |
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23.
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The
Swazi authority system is characterized by which of the following? a. | a highly developed dual monarchy | b. | a hereditary aristocracy | c. | elaborate kinship rituals | d. | statewide age sets | e. | all of the above | | |
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24.
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In
Canada a man who wears tennis shorts to a formal wedding may be subject to a variety of _________
sanctions, ranging from disapproving glances from the minister or justice of the peace to the quiet
laughing of other guests. a. | formal | b. | legal | c. | informal | d. | supernatural | e. | criminal | | |
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25.
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Queens
are best described as examples of ______________. a. | equal opportunity for women in achieving political
leadership | b. | women who hold
office because of exceptional personal abilities | c. | women who hold office because of their womanly
qualities | d. | women who hold
office because they have masculine temperaments | e. | women who hold office because of their relationship to
men | | |
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26.
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Song
duels, in which the applause of spectators decided the outcome of a dispute, were an important means
of settling disputes among the ______________. a. | Azande | b. | Swazi | c. | Kpelle | d. | Nuer
e. Canadian Inuit | | |
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27.
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Among
food foragers, with their_______________, organized warfare is all but unknown. a. | segmentary lineage systems | b. | centralized political systems | c. | uncentralized political systems | d. | powerful mystical rites | e. | statewide age sets | | |
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28.
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In a
number of societies, such as the _________tribes, women have played significant roles in public
affairs a. | Mundurucu | b. | Nuer | c. | Apache | d. | Iroquoian | e. | Yanomami | | |
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29.
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Since
their appearance some 5,000 years ago, _________have proven to be permanent political
systems. a. | chiefdoms | b. | tribes | c. | states | d. | bands | e. | clans | | |
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30.
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Under
British rule, the power held by women among the Igbo of Nigeria ________. a. | increased | b. | decreased | c. | remained about the same | d. | changed from informal to formal
power | e. | changed from
formal to informal power | | |
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